What is the focus of end-based ethical thinking?

What is the focus of end-based ethical thinking?

• A. Rules that everyone follows
• B. The outcome benefiting individuals
• C. The greatest good for the greatest number
• D. Maintaining personal integrity

Answer: (C)

End-based ethical thinking, often associated with utilitarianism, emphasizes the importance of the outcomes or consequences of actions rather than the actions themselves or the adherence to predetermined rules. The focus is on achieving the greatest good for the greatest number of people. This perspective encourages decision-makers to consider the overall impacts of their actions, aiming for results that maximize benefit and minimize harm for the largest segment of society.

In contrast, the other approaches suggested look at different aspects of ethical reasoning. The idea of rules that everyone follows emphasizes a deontological perspective, focusing on adherence to set principles irrespective of the consequences. The notion of an outcome benefiting individuals leans towards a more personal ethical approach, potentially leading to decisions that prioritize individual gain over collective welfare. Maintaining personal integrity centers around individual morals and honesty, which, while important, does not focus primarily on collective outcomes.